External debt - Country rankings
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series
External debt, percent of GDP, 2024:
The average for 2024 based on 119 countries was 132.26 percent. The highest value was in Luxembourg: 3983.17 percent and the lowest value was in Algeria: 2.56 percent. The indicator is available from 1990 to 2024. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.Measure: percent; Source: The World Bank
Select indicator
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series
| Countries | External debt, 2024 | Global rank | Available data |
|---|---|---|---|
| Luxembourg | 3983.17 | 1 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Malta | 797.06 | 2 | 2008 - 2024 |
| Cyprus | 670.48 | 3 | 2008 - 2024 |
| Ireland | 522.34 | 4 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Hong Kong | 469.47 | 5 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Singapore | 399.86 | 6 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Netherlands | 335.47 | 7 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Seychelles | 302.28 | 8 | 2012 - 2024 |
| UK | 267.77 | 9 | 1999 - 2024 |
| France | 240.08 | 10 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Belgium | 235.33 | 11 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Switzerland | 234.52 | 12 | 1999 - 2024 |
| Lebanon | 233.88 | 13 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Greece | 232.71 | 14 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Finland | 195.43 | 15 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Sweden | 162.21 | 16 | 1998 - 2024 |
| Spain | 156.18 | 17 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Mongolia | 155.37 | 18 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Norway | 151.89 | 19 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Austria | 151.37 | 20 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Germany | 141.74 | 21 | 2001 - 2024 |
| Canada | 141.18 | 22 | 1998 - 2024 |
| Portugal | 141.14 | 23 | 1998 - 2024 |
| Denmark | 137.32 | 24 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Hungary | 132.59 | 25 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Montenegro | 121.41 | 26 | 2006 - 2024 |
| Mauritius | 119.47 | 27 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Italy | 116.1 | 28 | 2002 - 2024 |
| Zambia | 109.08 | 29 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Japan | 108.78 | 30 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Ukraine | 103.59 | 31 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Suriname | 100.55 | 32 | 2011 - 2024 |
| Slovakia | 96.34 | 33 | 2003 - 2024 |
| USA | 94.56 | 34 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Estonia | 93.94 | 35 | 1998 - 2024 |
| Australia | 93.3 | 36 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Rwanda | 91.64 | 37 | 1990 - 2024 |
| New Zealand | 88.27 | 38 | 2011 - 2024 |
| Jordan | 87.67 | 39 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Slovenia | 84.42 | 40 | 2001 - 2024 |
| Dominica | 84.2 | 41 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Djibouti | 83.69 | 42 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Nicaragua | 79.11 | 43 | 1991 - 2024 |
| North Macedonia | 76.88 | 44 | 1993 - 2024 |
| Lithuania | 74.55 | 45 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Georgia | 74.42 | 46 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Namibia | 74.25 | 47 | 2010 - 2024 |
| Tunisia | 74.24 | 48 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Chile | 74.18 | 49 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Iceland | 71.66 | 50 | 1998 - 2024 |
| Malaysia | 71.54 | 51 | 2012 - 2024 |
| El Salvador | 70.88 | 52 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 69.07 | 53 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Jamaica | 67.63 | 54 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Sri Lanka | 64.97 | 55 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Paraguay | 64.66 | 56 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Armenia | 64.42 | 57 | 1993 - 2024 |
| Croatia | 63.96 | 58 | 1999 - 2024 |
| Tr.&Tobago | 62.72 | 59 | 2015 - 2024 |
| Czechia | 62.67 | 60 | 1999 - 2024 |
| Uzbekistan | 59.74 | 61 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Moldova | 59.5 | 62 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Fiji | 59.36 | 63 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Kazakhstan | 56.36 | 64 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Uruguay | 55.81 | 65 | 2003 - 2024 |
| Romania | 55.22 | 66 | 2008 - 2024 |
| Liberia | 51.39 | 67 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Poland | 50.45 | 68 | 1999 - 2024 |
| Tajikistan | 50.37 | 69 | 1992 - 2024 |
| Colombia | 48.47 | 70 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Ecuador | 48.17 | 71 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Belize | 48.1 | 72 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Bosnia & Herz. | 48.1 | 73 | 1999 - 2024 |
| Burkina Faso | 47.55 | 74 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Papua N.G. | 46.97 | 75 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Saint Lucia | 46.51 | 76 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Bulgaria | 46.12 | 77 | 2005 - 2024 |
| Belarus | 45.79 | 78 | 1993 - 2024 |
| Ivory Coast | 45.66 | 79 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Cambodia | 45.32 | 80 | 1990 - 2024 |
| South Africa | 44.01 | 81 | 1994 - 2024 |
| Domin. Rep. | 43.89 | 82 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Morocco | 42.37 | 83 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Argentina | 40.78 | 84 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Egypt | 40.49 | 85 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Albania | 40.01 | 86 | 1991 - 2024 |
| Madagascar | 39.71 | 87 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Turkey | 38.7 | 88 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Honduras | 38.67 | 89 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Bahamas | 36.65 | 90 | 2007 - 2024 |
| Thailand | 36.57 | 91 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Kenya | 36.2 | 92 | 1990 - 2024 |
| South Korea | 35.88 | 93 | 1998 - 2024 |
| Pakistan | 35.07 | 94 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Uganda | 35.02 | 95 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Ant.& Barb. | 34.91 | 96 | 2009 - 2024 |
| Samoa | 33.76 | 97 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Bolivia | 33.66 | 98 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Mexico | 31.89 | 99 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Solomon Isl. | 31.39 | 100 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Tonga | 30.72 | 101 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Peru | 30.62 | 102 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Indonesia | 30.31 | 103 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Sierra Leone | 30.03 | 104 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Saudi Arabia | 29.84 | 105 | 2017 - 2024 |
| Philippines | 28.87 | 106 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Cameroon | 28.72 | 107 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Brazil | 27.3 | 108 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Israel | 27.17 | 109 | 1998 - 2024 |
| Ethiopia | 25.67 | 110 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Kiribati | 25.19 | 111 | 2013 - 2024 |
| Nepal | 24.51 | 112 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Guatemala | 23.61 | 113 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Bangladesh | 23.54 | 114 | 1990 - 2024 |
| India | 18.32 | 115 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Russia | 13.33 | 116 | 2003 - 2024 |
| China | 12.76 | 117 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Botswana | 11.65 | 118 | 1990 - 2024 |
| Algeria | 2.56 | 119 | 1990 - 2024 |
Definition: The total debt of public and private borrowers held by non-residents as percent of GDP. Source: Kose, M. Ayhan, Sergio Kurlat, Franziska Ohnsorge, and Naotaka Sugawara. 2022. "A Cross-Country Database of Fiscal Space." Journal of International Money and Finance 128 (November): 102682.
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3983.17
797.06
670.48
522.34
469.47
399.86
335.47
302.28
267.77
240.08
235.33
234.52
233.88
232.71
195.43
162.21
156.18
155.37
151.89
151.37
141.74
141.18
141.14
137.32
132.59
121.41
119.47
116.10
109.08
108.78
103.59
100.55
96.34
94.56
93.94
93.30
91.64
88.27
87.67
84.42
84.20
83.69
79.11
76.88
74.55
74.42
74.25
74.24
74.18
71.66
71.54
70.88
69.07
67.63
64.97
64.66
64.42
63.96
62.72
62.67
59.74
59.50
59.36
56.36
55.81
55.22
51.39
50.45
50.37
48.47
48.17
48.10
48.10
47.55
46.97
46.51
46.12
45.79
45.66
45.32
44.01
43.89
42.37
40.78
40.49
40.01
39.71
38.70
38.67
36.65
36.57
36.20
35.88
35.07
35.02
34.91
33.76
33.66
31.89
31.39
30.72
30.62
30.31
30.03
29.84
28.87
28.72
27.30
27.17
25.67
25.19
24.51
23.61
23.54
18.32
13.33
12.76
11.65
2.56
0
995.8
1991.6
2987.4
3983.17
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