Research and development expenditure - Country rankings
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series
Research and development expenditure, percent of GDP, 2017 - Country rankings:
The average for 2017 was 1.14 percent.The highest value was in Israel: 4.58 percent and the lowest value was in Madagascar: 0.01 percent. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.Measure: percent; Source: The United Nations
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* indicates monthly or quarterly data series
Definition: Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Research and development expenditure in the European union Research and development expenditure in Europe Research and development expenditure in Asia Research and development expenditure in Africa Research and development expenditure in North America Research and development expenditure in South America Research and development expenditure in Australia 