* indicates monthly or quarterly data series

Legislative constraints on executive, 2023:

The average for 2023 based on 18 countries was 0.352 index points. The highest value was in Kuwait: 0.875 index points and the lowest value was in Qatar: 0.046 index points. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Measure: index points; Source: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)
Select indicator
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series


Countries Legislative constraints on executive, 2023 Global rank Available data
Kuwait 0.875 1 1960 - 2023
Jordan 0.755 2 1960 - 2023
Morocco 0.693 3 1960 - 2023
Iraq 0.626 4 1980 - 2023
Tunisia 0.578 5 1960 - 2023
Lebanon 0.545 6 1960 - 2023
Libya 0.46 7 1960 - 2023
Iran 0.303 8 1960 - 2023
Oman 0.291 9 1979 - 2023
Syria 0.249 10 1960 - 2023
Algeria 0.219 11 1960 - 2023
Egypt 0.184 12 1960 - 2023
Djibouti 0.149 13 1960 - 2023
UA Emirates 0.139 14 1971 - 2023
Yemen 0.093 15 1960 - 2023
Bahrain 0.089 16 1973 - 2023
Saudi Arabia 0.05 17 1960 - 2023
Qatar 0.046 18 1960 - 2023



Definition: The extent to which legislature and government agencies (for example, comptroller general, general prosecutor, or ombudsman) are capable of questioning, investigating, and exercising oversight over the executive.

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