* indicates monthly or quarterly data series

Legislative constraints on executive, 2023:

The average for 2023 based on 43 countries was 0.437 index points. The highest value was in Israel: 0.926 index points and the lowest value was in Qatar: 0.046 index points. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Measure: index points; Source: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)
Select indicator
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series


Countries Legislative constraints on executive, 2023 Global rank Available data
Israel 0.926 1 1960 - 2023
Japan 0.89 2 1960 - 2023
Kuwait 0.875 3 1960 - 2023
South Korea 0.854 4 1960 - 2023
Taiwan 0.834 5 1960 - 2023
Bhutan 0.819 6 1960 - 2023
Thailand 0.818 7 1960 - 2023
Georgia 0.759 8 1990 - 2023
Jordan 0.755 9 1960 - 2023
Nepal 0.721 10 1960 - 2023
Maldives 0.718 11 1960 - 2023
Mongolia 0.7 12 1960 - 2023
Iraq 0.626 13 1980 - 2023
India 0.602 14 1960 - 2023
Sri Lanka 0.581 15 1960 - 2023
Philippines 0.565 16 1960 - 2023
Indonesia 0.562 17 1960 - 2023
Singapore 0.554 18 1960 - 2023
Armenia 0.553 19 1990 - 2023
Lebanon 0.545 20 1960 - 2023
Vietnam 0.513 21 1960 - 2023
Malaysia 0.507 22 1960 - 2023
Pakistan 0.498 23 1962 - 2023
Laos 0.333 24 1960 - 2023
Kyrgyzstan 0.313 25 1990 - 2023
Iran 0.303 26 1960 - 2023
Oman 0.291 27 1979 - 2023
Kazakhstan 0.289 28 1990 - 2023
Syria 0.249 29 1960 - 2023
Bangladesh 0.142 30 1971 - 2023
UA Emirates 0.139 31 1971 - 2023
China 0.106 32 1960 - 2023
North Korea 0.094 33 1960 - 2023
Hong Kong 0.093 34 1960 - 2023
Yemen 0.093 35 1960 - 2023
Bahrain 0.089 36 1973 - 2023
Tajikistan 0.089 37 1990 - 2023
Azerbaijan 0.084 38 1990 - 2023
Turkmenistan 0.073 39 1990 - 2023
Uzbekistan 0.07 40 1990 - 2023
Cambodia 0.066 41 1960 - 2023
Saudi Arabia 0.05 42 1960 - 2023
Qatar 0.046 43 1960 - 2023



Definition: The extent to which legislature and government agencies (for example, comptroller general, general prosecutor, or ombudsman) are capable of questioning, investigating, and exercising oversight over the executive.

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