* indicates monthly or quarterly data series

Judicial constraints on executive, 2023:

The average for 2023 based on 27 countries was 0.875 index points. The highest value was in Denmark: 0.988 index points and the lowest value was in Poland: 0.55 index points. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Measure: index points; Source: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)
Select indicator
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series


Countries Judicial constraints on executive, 2023 Global rank Available data
Denmark 0.988 1 1960 - 2023
Finland 0.985 2 1960 - 2023
Sweden 0.979 3 1960 - 2023
Ireland 0.957 4 1960 - 2023
Netherlands 0.957 5 1960 - 2023
Estonia 0.955 6 1990 - 2023
Germany 0.948 7 1960 - 2023
Lithuania 0.948 8 1990 - 2023
Portugal 0.944 9 1960 - 2023
Spain 0.942 10 1960 - 2023
Austria 0.937 11 1960 - 2023
France 0.93 12 1960 - 2023
Latvia 0.929 13 1990 - 2023
Slovakia 0.909 14 1993 - 2023
Croatia 0.888 15 1991 - 2023
Czechia 0.883 16 1960 - 2023
Belgium 0.881 17 1960 - 2023
Bulgaria 0.877 18 1960 - 2023
Luxembourg 0.864 19 1960 - 2023
Italy 0.858 20 1960 - 2023
Malta 0.832 21 1960 - 2023
Cyprus 0.779 22 1960 - 2023
Slovenia 0.772 23 1989 - 2023
Greece 0.744 24 1960 - 2023
Romania 0.744 25 1960 - 2023
Hungary 0.637 26 1960 - 2023
Poland 0.55 27 1960 - 2023



Definition: The extent to which the executive branch respects the constitution and complies with court rulings and the extent to which the judiciary can act in an independent fashion.

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