* indicates monthly or quarterly data series

Judicial constraints on executive, 2023:

The average for 2023 based on 171 countries was 0.571 index points. The highest value was in Australia: 0.989 index points and the lowest value was in North Korea: 0.003 index points. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Measure: index points; Source: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)
Select indicator
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series


Countries Judicial constraints on executive, 2023 Global rank Available data
Australia 0.989 1 1960 - 2023
Denmark 0.988 2 1960 - 2023
Finland 0.985 3 1960 - 2023
Switzerland 0.981 4 1960 - 2023
Sweden 0.979 5 1960 - 2023
New Zealand 0.972 6 1960 - 2023
Norway 0.96 7 1960 - 2023
Seychelles 0.959 8 1960 - 2023
Chile 0.958 9 1960 - 2023
Ireland 0.957 10 1960 - 2023
Netherlands 0.957 11 1960 - 2023
Estonia 0.955 12 1990 - 2023
Germany 0.948 13 1960 - 2023
Lithuania 0.948 14 1990 - 2023
Uruguay 0.948 15 1960 - 2023
Iceland 0.947 16 1960 - 2023
Portugal 0.944 17 1960 - 2023
Spain 0.942 18 1960 - 2023
Austria 0.937 19 1960 - 2023
Barbados 0.936 20 1960 - 2023
USA 0.934 21 1960 - 2023
France 0.93 22 1960 - 2023
Latvia 0.929 23 1990 - 2023
Brazil 0.925 24 1960 - 2023
UK 0.914 25 1960 - 2023
Slovakia 0.909 26 1993 - 2023
Tanzania 0.909 27 1960 - 2023
Israel 0.897 28 1960 - 2023
Canada 0.891 29 1960 - 2023
Moldova 0.89 30 1990 - 2023
Vanuatu 0.89 31 1960 - 2023
Croatia 0.888 32 1991 - 2023
Jamaica 0.885 33 1960 - 2023
Czechia 0.883 34 1960 - 2023
Belgium 0.881 35 1960 - 2023
Cape Verde 0.878 36 1960 - 2023
Bulgaria 0.877 37 1960 - 2023
Japan 0.873 38 1960 - 2023
Zambia 0.866 39 1960 - 2023
Luxembourg 0.864 40 1960 - 2023
Gambia 0.86 41 1960 - 2023
Italy 0.858 42 1960 - 2023
South Africa 0.858 43 1960 - 2023
Suriname 0.855 44 1960 - 2023
Taiwan 0.853 45 1960 - 2023
Fiji 0.848 46 1960 - 2023
Tr.&Tobago 0.846 47 1960 - 2023
Bhutan 0.838 48 1960 - 2023
Solomon Isl. 0.836 49 1960 - 2023
Malta 0.832 50 1960 - 2023
Ghana 0.831 51 1960 - 2023
Colombia 0.828 52 1960 - 2023
Peru 0.827 53 1960 - 2023
Malawi 0.823 54 1960 - 2023
Papua N.G. 0.823 55 1960 - 2023
South Korea 0.823 56 1960 - 2023
Honduras 0.822 57 1960 - 2023
Kuwait 0.821 58 1960 - 2023
Lesotho 0.814 59 1960 - 2023
Namibia 0.805 60 1960 - 2023
Maldives 0.802 61 1960 - 2023
Botswana 0.795 62 1960 - 2023
Kenya 0.788 63 1960 - 2023
Nepal 0.78 64 1960 - 2023
Cyprus 0.779 65 1960 - 2023
Montenegro 0.778 66 1998 - 2023
Argentina 0.772 67 1960 - 2023
Slovenia 0.772 68 1989 - 2023
Sri Lanka 0.77 69 1960 - 2023
Morocco 0.764 70 1960 - 2023
Singapore 0.764 71 1960 - 2023
Malaysia 0.749 72 1960 - 2023
Greece 0.744 73 1960 - 2023
Romania 0.744 74 1960 - 2023
S.T.&Principe 0.743 75 1960 - 2023
Domin. Rep. 0.736 76 1960 - 2023
Paraguay 0.733 77 1960 - 2023
Mongolia 0.726 78 1960 - 2023
Mauritius 0.719 79 1960 - 2023
Guyana 0.713 80 1960 - 2023
India 0.711 81 1960 - 2023
Panama 0.689 82 1960 - 2023
Georgia 0.684 83 1990 - 2023
Niger 0.671 84 1960 - 2023
Pakistan 0.667 85 1960 - 2023
Jordan 0.664 86 1960 - 2023
Thailand 0.664 87 1960 - 2023
Sierra Leone 0.66 88 1960 - 2023
Albania 0.648 89 1960 - 2023
Hungary 0.637 90 1960 - 2023
Philippines 0.632 91 1960 - 2023
Egypt 0.626 92 1960 - 2023
Senegal 0.622 93 1960 - 2023
Burkina Faso 0.618 94 1960 - 2023
Mozambique 0.596 95 1960 - 2023
Liberia 0.591 96 1960 - 2023
Uganda 0.589 97 1960 - 2023
Bosnia & Herz. 0.584 98 1992 - 2023
Guatemala 0.563 99 1960 - 2023
Indonesia 0.56 100 1960 - 2023
Poland 0.55 101 1960 - 2023
Benin 0.517 102 1960 - 2023
Ecuador 0.497 103 1960 - 2023
Mali 0.493 104 1960 - 2023
Serbia 0.486 105 1960 - 2023
Lebanon 0.481 106 1960 - 2023
Mexico 0.475 107 1960 - 2023
Armenia 0.443 108 1990 - 2023
G.-Bissau 0.437 109 1960 - 2023
Ivory Coast 0.427 110 1960 - 2023
Nigeria 0.427 111 1960 - 2023
Tunisia 0.417 112 1960 - 2023
Oman 0.414 113 1960 - 2023
Hong Kong 0.413 114 1960 - 2023
Laos 0.411 115 1960 - 2023
North Macedonia 0.405 116 1991 - 2023
Qatar 0.395 117 1960 - 2023
Kyrgyzstan 0.36 118 1990 - 2023
Bolivia 0.346 119 1960 - 2023
Swaziland 0.323 120 1960 - 2023
Libya 0.305 121 1960 - 2023
Ukraine 0.3 122 1990 - 2023
Iraq 0.295 123 1960 - 2023
Saudi Arabia 0.29 124 1960 - 2023
Zimbabwe 0.277 125 1960 - 2023
Madagascar 0.274 126 1960 - 2023
Djibouti 0.273 127 1960 - 2023
Afghanistan 0.271 128 1960 - 2023
Gabon 0.267 129 1960 - 2023
Guinea 0.244 130 1960 - 2023
Angola 0.235 131 1960 - 2023
R. of Congo 0.235 132 1960 - 2023
Sudan 0.222 133 1960 - 2023
Mauritania 0.221 134 1960 - 2023
Togo 0.213 135 1960 - 2023
Ethiopia 0.209 136 1960 - 2023
Turkey 0.194 137 1960 - 2023
Yemen 0.192 138 1960 - 2023
Somalia 0.184 139 1960 - 2023
Comoros 0.181 140 1960 - 2023
DR Congo 0.181 141 1960 - 2023
Vietnam 0.18 142 1960 - 2023
Rwanda 0.166 143 1960 - 2023
Kazakhstan 0.154 144 1990 - 2023
UA Emirates 0.141 145 1971 - 2023
Cameroon 0.14 146 1961 - 2023
Bangladesh 0.136 147 1971 - 2023
Haiti 0.131 148 1960 - 2023
Algeria 0.116 149 1960 - 2023
C.A. Republic 0.112 150 1960 - 2023
Iran 0.11 151 1960 - 2023
Cuba 0.103 152 1960 - 2023
Cambodia 0.087 153 1960 - 2023
Turkmenistan 0.075 154 1990 - 2023
Uzbekistan 0.069 155 1990 - 2023
Syria 0.064 156 1960 - 2023
Russia 0.059 157 1960 - 2023
Burundi 0.057 158 1960 - 2023
Bahrain 0.05 159 2002 - 2023
Chad 0.047 160 1960 - 2023
Tajikistan 0.045 161 1990 - 2023
China 0.04 162 1960 - 2023
El Salvador 0.036 163 1960 - 2023
Eritrea 0.032 164 1960 - 2023
Burma 0.029 165 1960 - 2023
Venezuela 0.018 166 1960 - 2023
Azerbaijan 0.01 167 1990 - 2023
Eq. Guinea 0.01 168 1960 - 2023
Belarus 0.006 169 1990 - 2023
Nicaragua 0.004 170 1960 - 2023
North Korea 0.003 171 1960 - 2023



Definition: The extent to which the executive branch respects the constitution and complies with court rulings and the extent to which the judiciary can act in an independent fashion.

Selected articles from our guide:

The unholy trinity of international finance

Most commonly used measures of corruption

All articles

0.989
0.988
0.985
0.981
0.979
0.972
0.960
0.959
0.958
0.957
0.957
0.955
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.947
0.944
0.942
0.937
0.936
0.934
0.930
0.929
0.925
0.914
0.909
0.909
0.897
0.891
0.890
0.890
0.888
0.885
0.883
0.881
0.878
0.877
0.873
0.866
0.864
0.860
0.858
0.858
0.855
0.853
0.848
0.846
0.838
0.836
0.832
0.831
0.828
0.827
0.823
0.823
0.823
0.822
0.821
0.814
0.805
0.802
0.795
0.788
0.780
0.779
0.778
0.772
0.772
0.770
0.764
0.764
0.749
0.744
0.744
0.743
0.736
0.733
0.726
0.719
0.713
0.711
0.689
0.684
0.671
0.667
0.664
0.664
0.660
0.648
0.637
0.632
0.626
0.622
0.618
0.596
0.591
0.589
0.584
0.563
0.560
0.550
0.517
0.497
0.493
0.486
0.481
0.475
0.443
0.437
0.427
0.427
0.417
0.414
0.413
0.411
0.405
0.395
0.360
0.346
0.323
0.305
0.300
0.295
0.290
0.277
0.274
0.273
0.271
0.267
0.244
0.235
0.235
0.222
0.221
0.213
0.209
0.194
0.192
0.184
0.181
0.181
0.180
0.166
0.154
0.141
0.140
0.136
0.131
0.116
0.112
0.110
0.103
0.087
0.075
0.069
0.064
0.059
0.057
0.050
0.047
0.045
0.040
0.036
0.032
0.029
0.018
0.010
0.010
0.006
0.004
0.003
0
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.99


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