Direct popular vote index - Country rankings

* indicates monthly or quarterly data series

Direct popular vote index, 2023:

The average for 2023 based on 27 countries was 0.148 index points. The highest value was in Romania: 0.498 index points and the lowest value was in Cyprus: 0 index points. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Measure: index points; Source: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)
Select indicator
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series


Countries Direct popular vote index, 2023 Global rank Available data
Romania 0.498 1 1960 - 2023
Italy 0.366 2 1960 - 2023
Slovakia 0.279 3 1993 - 2023
Hungary 0.271 4 1960 - 2023
Lithuania 0.266 5 1990 - 2023
Malta 0.265 6 1960 - 2023
Bulgaria 0.264 7 1960 - 2023
Slovenia 0.258 8 1989 - 2023
Ireland 0.208 9 1960 - 2023
Croatia 0.207 10 1991 - 2023
Denmark 0.185 11 1960 - 2023
Poland 0.169 12 1960 - 2023
Greece 0.152 13 1960 - 2023
Latvia 0.143 14 1990 - 2023
Luxembourg 0.123 15 1960 - 2023
Austria 0.073 16 1960 - 2023
Portugal 0.049 17 1960 - 2023
Estonia 0.038 18 1990 - 2023
Spain 0.037 19 1960 - 2023
France 0.033 20 1960 - 2023
Sweden 0.028 21 1960 - 2023
Belgium 0.017 22 1960 - 2023
Finland 0.015 23 1960 - 2023
Netherlands 0.015 24 1960 - 2023
Czechia 0.013 25 1960 - 2023
Germany 0.011 26 1960 - 2023
Cyprus 0 27 1960 - 2023



Definition: A measure of the extent to which direct democracy is used to make political decisions in the country.

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All articles

1. Romania
2. Italy
3. Slovakia
4. Hungary
5. Lithuania
6. Malta
7. Bulgaria
8. Slovenia
9. Ireland
10. Croatia
11. Denmark
12. Poland
13. Greece
14. Latvia
15. Luxembourg
16. Austria
17. Portugal
18. Estonia
19. Spain
20. France
21. Sweden
22. Belgium
23. Finland
24. Netherlands
25. Czechia
26. Germany
27. Cyprus
0.498
0.366
0.279
0.271
0.266
0.265
0.264
0.258
0.208
0.207
0.185
0.169
0.152
0.143
0.123
0.073
0.049
0.038
0.037
0.033
0.028
0.017
0.015
0.015
0.013
0.011
0.000
0
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.5


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