Direct popular vote index - Country rankings

* indicates monthly or quarterly data series

Direct popular vote index, 2023:

The average for 2023 based on 171 countries was 0.097 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 0.679 index points and the lowest value was in Bangladesh: 0 index points. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Measure: index points; Source: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)
Select indicator
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series


Countries Direct popular vote index, 2023 Global rank Available data
Switzerland 0.679 1 1960 - 2023
Ecuador 0.525 2 1960 - 2023
Romania 0.498 3 1960 - 2023
Uruguay 0.477 4 1960 - 2023
Mexico 0.463 5 1960 - 2023
Taiwan 0.379 6 1960 - 2023
Italy 0.366 7 1960 - 2023
Kyrgyzstan 0.326 8 1990 - 2023
Venezuela 0.321 9 1960 - 2023
C.A. Republic 0.283 10 1960 - 2023
Australia 0.282 11 1960 - 2023
Slovakia 0.279 12 1993 - 2023
New Zealand 0.277 13 1960 - 2023
Egypt 0.271 14 1960 - 2023
Hungary 0.271 15 1960 - 2023
Lithuania 0.266 16 1990 - 2023
Malta 0.265 17 1960 - 2023
Bulgaria 0.264 18 1960 - 2023
Slovenia 0.258 19 1989 - 2023
Peru 0.242 20 1960 - 2023
Chad 0.229 21 1960 - 2023
Russia 0.229 22 1960 - 2023
Mali 0.22 23 1960 - 2023
Moldova 0.22 24 1990 - 2023
Serbia 0.211 25 1960 - 2023
Ireland 0.208 26 1960 - 2023
Croatia 0.207 27 1991 - 2023
North Macedonia 0.201 28 1991 - 2023
Thailand 0.201 29 1960 - 2023
Kazakhstan 0.194 30 1990 - 2023
Colombia 0.192 31 1960 - 2023
Mauritania 0.189 32 1960 - 2023
Uzbekistan 0.188 33 1990 - 2023
Bolivia 0.185 34 1960 - 2023
Denmark 0.185 35 1960 - 2023
Azerbaijan 0.182 36 1990 - 2023
Turkey 0.172 37 1960 - 2023
Poland 0.169 38 1960 - 2023
Algeria 0.163 39 1960 - 2023
Tajikistan 0.161 40 1990 - 2023
Burundi 0.155 41 1960 - 2023
Greece 0.152 42 1960 - 2023
Cuba 0.151 43 1960 - 2023
Guinea 0.151 44 1960 - 2023
Tunisia 0.151 45 1960 - 2023
Chile 0.146 46 1960 - 2023
Guatemala 0.143 47 1960 - 2023
Latvia 0.143 48 1990 - 2023
Zimbabwe 0.141 49 1960 - 2023
Belarus 0.139 50 1990 - 2023
Ivory Coast 0.128 51 1960 - 2023
Senegal 0.128 52 1960 - 2023
Armenia 0.127 53 1990 - 2023
Comoros 0.123 54 1960 - 2023
Luxembourg 0.123 55 1960 - 2023
R. of Congo 0.12 56 1960 - 2023
Rwanda 0.12 57 1960 - 2023
Morocco 0.117 58 1960 - 2023
Syria 0.116 59 1960 - 2023
Madagascar 0.105 60 1960 - 2023
Niger 0.105 61 1960 - 2023
Eq. Guinea 0.104 62 1960 - 2023
Iceland 0.1 63 1960 - 2023
UK 0.09 64 1960 - 2023
Paraguay 0.088 65 1960 - 2023
Zambia 0.088 66 1960 - 2023
Kenya 0.085 67 1960 - 2023
Nicaragua 0.08 68 1960 - 2023
Turkmenistan 0.075 69 1990 - 2023
Montenegro 0.074 70 1998 - 2023
Uganda 0.074 71 1960 - 2023
Austria 0.073 72 1960 - 2023
Georgia 0.071 73 1990 - 2023
Philippines 0.07 74 1960 - 2023
Maldives 0.069 75 1960 - 2023
Liberia 0.066 76 1960 - 2023
Cape Verde 0.063 77 1960 - 2023
Ukraine 0.062 78 1990 - 2023
Albania 0.06 79 1960 - 2023
Portugal 0.049 80 1960 - 2023
Togo 0.042 81 1960 - 2023
DR Congo 0.041 82 1960 - 2023
Djibouti 0.04 83 1960 - 2023
Estonia 0.038 84 1990 - 2023
Spain 0.037 85 1960 - 2023
Benin 0.033 86 1960 - 2023
Burkina Faso 0.033 87 1960 - 2023
France 0.033 88 1960 - 2023
Gabon 0.033 89 1960 - 2023
Somalia 0.033 90 1960 - 2023
Burma 0.032 91 1960 - 2023
Mozambique 0.031 92 1960 - 2023
Namibia 0.031 93 1960 - 2023
South Korea 0.031 94 1960 - 2023
Sri Lanka 0.031 95 1960 - 2023
Iran 0.029 96 1960 - 2023
Mongolia 0.029 97 1960 - 2023
Panama 0.029 98 1960 - 2023
Sweden 0.028 99 1960 - 2023
Gambia 0.026 100 1960 - 2023
Ghana 0.024 101 1960 - 2023
Iraq 0.021 102 1960 - 2023
Afghanistan 0.02 103 1960 - 2023
Bahrain 0.02 104 1960 - 2023
Bhutan 0.02 105 1960 - 2023
Brazil 0.02 106 1960 - 2023
Cameroon 0.02 107 1961 - 2023
G.-Bissau 0.02 108 1960 - 2023
Japan 0.02 109 1960 - 2023
Nepal 0.02 110 1960 - 2023
Pakistan 0.02 111 1960 - 2023
Qatar 0.02 112 1960 - 2023
S.T.&Principe 0.02 113 1960 - 2023
South Africa 0.02 114 1960 - 2023
Suriname 0.02 115 1960 - 2023
Vietnam 0.02 116 1960 - 2023
Angola 0.018 117 1960 - 2023
Belgium 0.017 118 1960 - 2023
Honduras 0.017 119 1960 - 2023
Argentina 0.015 120 1960 - 2023
Canada 0.015 121 1960 - 2023
Finland 0.015 122 1960 - 2023
Netherlands 0.015 123 1960 - 2023
Norway 0.015 124 1960 - 2023
Tanzania 0.015 125 1960 - 2023
Botswana 0.013 126 1960 - 2023
Czechia 0.013 127 1960 - 2023
El Salvador 0.013 128 1960 - 2023
Ethiopia 0.013 129 1960 - 2023
Guyana 0.013 130 1960 - 2023
Israel 0.013 131 1960 - 2023
Jamaica 0.013 132 1960 - 2023
Lesotho 0.013 133 1960 - 2023
Malawi 0.013 134 1960 - 2023
Papua N.G. 0.013 135 1960 - 2023
Swaziland 0.013 136 1960 - 2023
Vanuatu 0.013 137 1960 - 2023
Yemen 0.013 138 1960 - 2023
Domin. Rep. 0.012 139 1960 - 2023
Seychelles 0.012 140 1960 - 2023
Germany 0.011 141 1960 - 2023
Libya 0.011 142 1960 - 2023
Singapore 0.011 143 1960 - 2023
Mauritius 0.009 144 1960 - 2023
Sierra Leone 0.009 145 1960 - 2023
Fiji 0.007 146 1960 - 2023
Nigeria 0.007 147 1960 - 2023
Bangladesh 0 148 1971 - 2023
Barbados 0 149 1960 - 2023
Bosnia & Herz. 0 150 1992 - 2023
Cambodia 0 151 1960 - 2023
China 0 152 1960 - 2023
Cyprus 0 153 1960 - 2023
Eritrea 0 154 1960 - 2023
Haiti 0 155 1960 - 2023
Hong Kong 0 156 1960 - 2023
India 0 157 1960 - 2023
Indonesia 0 158 1960 - 2023
Jordan 0 159 1960 - 2023
Kuwait 0 160 1960 - 2023
Laos 0 161 1960 - 2023
Lebanon 0 162 1960 - 2023
Malaysia 0 163 1960 - 2023
North Korea 0 164 1960 - 2023
Oman 0 165 1960 - 2023
Saudi Arabia 0 166 1960 - 2023
Solomon Isl. 0 167 1960 - 2023
Sudan 0 168 1960 - 2023
Tr.&Tobago 0 169 1960 - 2023
UA Emirates 0 170 1971 - 2023
USA 0 171 1960 - 2023


New - World map: Direct popular vote index




Definition: A measure of the extent to which direct democracy is used to make political decisions in the country.

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All articles

1. Switzerland
2. Ecuador
3. Romania
4. Uruguay
5. Mexico
6. Taiwan
7. Italy
8. Kyrgyzstan
9. Venezuela
10. C.A. Republic
11. Australia
12. Slovakia
13. New Zealand
14. Egypt
15. Hungary
16. Lithuania
17. Malta
18. Bulgaria
19. Slovenia
20. Peru
21. Chad
22. Russia
23. Mali
24. Moldova
25. Serbia
26. Ireland
27. Croatia
28. North Macedonia
29. Thailand
30. Kazakhstan
31. Colombia
32. Mauritania
33. Uzbekistan
34. Bolivia
35. Denmark
36. Azerbaijan
37. Turkey
38. Poland
39. Algeria
40. Tajikistan
41. Burundi
42. Greece
43. Cuba
44. Guinea
45. Tunisia
46. Chile
47. Guatemala
48. Latvia
49. Zimbabwe
50. Belarus
51. Ivory Coast
52. Senegal
53. Armenia
54. Comoros
55. Luxembourg
56. R. of Congo
57. Rwanda
58. Morocco
59. Syria
60. Madagascar
61. Niger
62. Eq. Guinea
63. Iceland
64. UK
65. Paraguay
66. Zambia
67. Kenya
68. Nicaragua
69. Turkmenistan
70. Montenegro
71. Uganda
72. Austria
73. Georgia
74. Philippines
75. Maldives
76. Liberia
77. Cape Verde
78. Ukraine
79. Albania
80. Portugal
81. Togo
82. DR Congo
83. Djibouti
84. Estonia
85. Spain
86. Benin
87. Burkina Faso
88. France
89. Gabon
90. Somalia
91. Burma
92. Mozambique
93. Namibia
94. South Korea
95. Sri Lanka
96. Iran
97. Mongolia
98. Panama
99. Sweden
100. Gambia
101. Ghana
102. Iraq
103. Afghanistan
104. Bahrain
105. Bhutan
106. Brazil
107. Cameroon
108. G.-Bissau
109. Japan
110. Nepal
111. Pakistan
112. Qatar
113. S.T.&Principe
114. South Africa
115. Suriname
116. Vietnam
117. Angola
118. Belgium
119. Honduras
120. Argentina
121. Canada
122. Finland
123. Netherlands
124. Norway
125. Tanzania
126. Botswana
127. Czechia
128. El Salvador
129. Ethiopia
130. Guyana
131. Israel
132. Jamaica
133. Lesotho
134. Malawi
135. Papua N.G.
136. Swaziland
137. Vanuatu
138. Yemen
139. Domin. Rep.
140. Seychelles
141. Germany
142. Libya
143. Singapore
144. Mauritius
145. Sierra Leone
146. Fiji
147. Nigeria
148. Bangladesh
149. Barbados
150. Bosnia & Herz.
151. Cambodia
152. China
153. Cyprus
154. Eritrea
155. Haiti
156. Hong Kong
157. India
158. Indonesia
159. Jordan
160. Kuwait
161. Laos
162. Lebanon
163. Malaysia
164. North Korea
165. Oman
166. Saudi Arabia
167. Solomon Isl.
168. Sudan
169. Tr.&Tobago
170. UA Emirates
171. USA
0.679
0.525
0.498
0.477
0.463
0.379
0.366
0.326
0.321
0.283
0.282
0.279
0.277
0.271
0.271
0.266
0.265
0.264
0.258
0.242
0.229
0.229
0.220
0.220
0.211
0.208
0.207
0.201
0.201
0.194
0.192
0.189
0.188
0.185
0.185
0.182
0.172
0.169
0.163
0.161
0.155
0.152
0.151
0.151
0.151
0.146
0.143
0.143
0.141
0.139
0.128
0.128
0.127
0.123
0.123
0.120
0.120
0.117
0.116
0.105
0.105
0.104
0.100
0.090
0.088
0.088
0.085
0.080
0.075
0.074
0.074
0.073
0.071
0.070
0.069
0.066
0.063
0.062
0.060
0.049
0.042
0.041
0.040
0.038
0.037
0.033
0.033
0.033
0.033
0.033
0.032
0.031
0.031
0.031
0.031
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.028
0.026
0.024
0.021
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0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
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0.020
0.020
0.018
0.017
0.017
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.009
0.009
0.007
0.007
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.68


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