USD exchange rate by country: the latest data

The amount of local currency units that can be exchanged for one USD. An increase (decrease) means USD appreciation (depreciation). The values are monthly averages of the daily exchange rates provided by Google Finance.

Countries	Latest value	Reference	Change three months	Change twelve months
Afghanistan	69.4007	Sep / 2024	-1.09%	-12.18%
Albania	89.4127	Sep / 2024	-4.08%	-10.67%
Algeria	132.4891	Sep / 2024	-1.51%	-3.42%
Andorra	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Angola	928.5888	Sep / 2024	8.63%	12.04%
Antigua and Barbuda	2.7026	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Argentina	960.4491	Sep / 2024	6.28%	174.47%
Armenia	386.7266	Sep / 2024	-0.13%	0.24%
Aruba	1.8010	Sep / 2024	-0.01%	0.04%
Australia	1.4771	Sep / 2024	-1.89%	-5.15%
Austria	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Azerbaijan	1.7000	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Bahamas	1.0001	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.01%
Bahrain	0.3767	Sep / 2024	0.00%	-0.05%
Bangladesh	119.4950	Sep / 2024	1.72%	8.82%
Barbados	2.0185	Sep / 2024	0.01%	0.01%
Belarus	3.2729	Sep / 2024	0.01%	29.66%
Belgium	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Belize	2.0152	Sep / 2024	0.02%	0.02%
Benin	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Bermuda	1.0000	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Bhutan	83.7986	Sep / 2024	0.38%	0.87%
Bolivia	6.9094	Sep / 2024	0.04%	0.06%
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1.7602	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.85%
Botswana	13.2386	Sep / 2024	-2.82%	-3.03%
Brazil	5.5421	Sep / 2024	2.70%	12.06%
Brunei	1.2955	Sep / 2024	-4.16%	-4.93%
Bulgaria	1.7605	Sep / 2024	-3.14%	-3.92%
Burkina Faso	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Burma (Myanmar)	3247.8321	Sep / 2024	16.97%	54.66%
Burundi	2892.7997	Sep / 2024	0.53%	1.92%
Cambodia	4066.2444	Sep / 2024	-1.18%	-1.53%
Cameroon	590.3654	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.85%
Canada	1.3548	Sep / 2024	-1.14%	0.00%
Cape Verde	99.4741	Sep / 2024	-3.07%	-3.86%
Central African Republic	590.3654	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.85%
Chad	590.3654	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.85%
Chile	926.1407	Sep / 2024	-0.39%	4.39%
China	7.0743	Sep / 2024	-2.35%	-2.87%
Colombia	4185.5658	Sep / 2024	3.11%	4.46%
Comoros	443.5338	Sep / 2024	-2.93%	-3.79%
Costa Rica	519.6269	Sep / 2024	-1.01%	-2.84%
Croatia	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Cuba	120.4819	Sep / 2024	0.00%	406.02%
Cyprus	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Czechia	22.5940	Sep / 2024	-1.96%	-1.13%
Democratic Republic of the Congo	2851.1261	Sep / 2024	0.54%	14.81%
Denmark	6.7162	Sep / 2024	-3.12%	-3.88%
Djibouti	177.9020	Sep / 2024	-0.02%	-0.02%
Dominica	2.7026	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Dominican Republic	60.0297	Sep / 2024	1.28%	5.74%
Egypt	48.4502	Sep / 2024	1.56%	56.80%
Equatorial Guinea	590.3654	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.85%
Eritrea	15.1000	Jun / 2018	0.00%	-1.60%
Estonia	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Ethiopia	115.7417	Sep / 2024	101.31%	109.49%
Euro area	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Faroe Islands	6.7162	Sep / 2024	-3.12%	-3.88%
Fiji	2.2068	Sep / 2024	-1.82%	-2.72%
Finland	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
France	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Gabon	590.3654	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.85%
Gambia	69.5862	Sep / 2024	2.69%	12.20%
Georgia	2.7065	Sep / 2024	-3.95%	2.26%
Germany	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Ghana	15.7065	Sep / 2024	4.36%	36.59%
Gibraltar	0.8129	Apr / 2020	0.00%	5.94%
Greece	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Grenada	2.7026	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Guatemala	7.7298	Sep / 2024	-0.44%	-1.72%
Guinea	8640.2959	Sep / 2024	0.44%	0.28%
Guinea-Bissau	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Guyana	208.9123	Sep / 2024	0.04%	0.03%
Haiti	131.8784	Sep / 2024	-0.59%	-2.52%
Holy See (Vatican City)	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Honduras	24.8414	Sep / 2024	0.19%	0.29%
Hong Kong	7.7913	Sep / 2024	-0.25%	-0.49%
Hungary	355.4217	Sep / 2024	-3.04%	-1.87%
Iceland	136.9392	Sep / 2024	-1.25%	1.22%
India	83.7986	Sep / 2024	0.38%	0.87%
Indonesia	15322.0767	Sep / 2024	-6.35%	-0.35%
Iran	524383.8613	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Iraq	1309.7914	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.02%
Ireland	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Israel	3.7306	Sep / 2024	-0.06%	-2.29%
Italy	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Ivory Coast	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Jamaica	157.0045	Sep / 2024	0.85%	1.57%
Japan	143.0462	Sep / 2024	-9.54%	-3.26%
Jordan	0.7087	Sep / 2024	-0.01%	0.00%
Kazakhstan	480.0554	Sep / 2024	5.08%	2.33%
Kenya	128.9614	Sep / 2024	-0.51%	-11.86%
Kiribati	1.4771	Sep / 2024	-1.89%	-5.15%
Kuwait	0.3052	Sep / 2024	-0.42%	-1.13%
Kyrgyzstan	84.3438	Sep / 2024	-3.22%	-4.75%
Laos	22098.2788	Sep / 2024	1.29%	10.88%
Latvia	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Lebanon	98499.9964	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Lesotho	17.6029	Sep / 2024	-4.35%	-7.19%
Liberia	195.0222	Sep / 2024	0.48%	4.65%
Libya	4.7540	Sep / 2024	-1.98%	-2.07%
Liechtenstein	0.8470	Sep / 2024	-5.30%	-5.83%
Lithuania	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Luxembourg	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Macao	8.0226	Sep / 2024	-0.23%	-0.47%
North Macedonia	55.3957	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.92%
Madagascar	4545.7053	Sep / 2024	1.63%	0.83%
Malawi	1734.9284	Sep / 2024	0.07%	60.14%
Malaysia	4.2634	Sep / 2024	-9.49%	-8.94%
Maldives	15.3550	Sep / 2024	-0.30%	-0.38%
Mali	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Malta	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Mauritania	357.0500	Sep / 2018	0.36%	0.35%
Mauritius	45.9673	Sep / 2024	-1.29%	2.22%
Mexico	19.6171	Sep / 2024	7.97%	13.34%
Moldova	17.3698	Sep / 2024	-1.93%	-3.42%
Monaco	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Montenegro	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Montserrat	2.7026	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Morocco	9.7236	Sep / 2024	-2.26%	-5.01%
Mozambique	63.8675	Sep / 2024	-0.02%	0.02%
Namibia	17.6103	Sep / 2024	-4.27%	-0.90%
Nepal	134.0821	Sep / 2024	0.41%	0.94%
Netherlands	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
New Caledonia	110.6195	Sep / 2024	0.00%	2.21%
New Zealand	1.6061	Sep / 2024	-1.51%	-4.82%
Nicaragua	36.7980	Sep / 2024	0.01%	0.60%
Niger	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Nigeria	1633.5533	Sep / 2024	8.52%	111.42%
Norfolk Island	1.4771	Sep / 2024	-1.89%	-5.15%
North Korea	900.0009	Jun / 2018	-0.00%	0.00%
Norway	10.6131	Sep / 2024	0.03%	-1.11%
Oman	0.3848	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Pakistan	278.2471	Sep / 2024	-0.07%	-6.45%
Panama	0.9997	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.02%
Papua New Guinea	3.9479	Sep / 2024	1.79%	8.38%
Paraguay	7759.1500	Sep / 2024	3.06%	6.65%
Peru	3.7672	Sep / 2024	-0.38%	1.07%
Philippines	56.0056	Sep / 2024	-4.58%	-1.36%
Poland	3.8503	Sep / 2024	-4.09%	-10.75%
Portugal	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Qatar	3.6426	Sep / 2024	0.04%	0.04%
Republic of the Congo	590.3654	Sep / 2024	-3.15%	-3.85%
Romania	4.4773	Sep / 2024	-3.19%	-3.78%
Russia	91.3164	Sep / 2024	3.59%	-5.58%
Rwanda	1342.2450	Sep / 2024	2.54%	11.49%
Saint Lucia	2.7026	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	2.7026	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
San Marino	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Sao Tome and Principe	20000.0005	Jun / 2018	-0.00%	-8.51%
Saudi Arabia	3.7526	Sep / 2024	0.03%	0.04%
Senegal	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Serbia	105.3495	Sep / 2024	-3.14%	-4.10%
Seychelles	13.3863	Sep / 2024	-4.12%	2.25%
Sierra Leone	19678.6479	Sep / 2024	0.00%	-0.02%
Singapore	1.2957	Sep / 2024	-4.21%	-4.99%
Slovakia	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Slovenia	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Solomon Islands	8.3399	Sep / 2024	-1.41%	-0.71%
Somalia	570.4956	Sep / 2024	0.08%	0.29%
South Africa	17.5903	Sep / 2024	-4.39%	-7.30%
South Korea	1315.7894	Sep / 2024	0.00%	-1.32%
Spain	0.9002	Sep / 2024	-3.13%	-3.91%
Sri Lanka	300.8638	Sep / 2024	-1.03%	-6.96%
Sudan	900.0000	Sep / 2024	0.00%	51.77%
Suriname	29.7372	Sep / 2024	-5.09%	-22.34%
Swaziland	17.6106	Sep / 2024	-4.25%	-7.13%
Sweden	10.2209	Sep / 2024	-2.80%	-7.88%
Switzerland	0.8470	Sep / 2024	-5.30%	-5.83%
Syria	14000.0001	Sep / 2024	0.00%	87.92%
Taiwan	31.9566	Sep / 2024	-1.37%	-0.29%
Tajikistan	10.6454	Sep / 2024	-0.40%	-3.08%
Tanzania	2724.5700	Sep / 2024	3.87%	8.84%
Thailand	33.2495	Sep / 2024	-9.42%	-7.23%
Togo	591.2684	Sep / 2024	-3.00%	-3.65%
Tonga	2.3454	Sep / 2024	-0.54%	-1.89%
Trinidad and Tobago	6.7880	Sep / 2024	0.06%	0.11%
Tunisia	3.0378	Sep / 2024	-2.81%	-3.27%
Turkey	34.0427	Sep / 2024	4.48%	26.10%
Turkmenistan	3.4993	Sep / 2024	0.01%	0.01%
Tuvalu	1.4771	Sep / 2024	-1.89%	-5.15%
Uganda	3709.7648	Sep / 2024	-1.09%	-0.81%
Ukraine	41.2532	Sep / 2024	1.92%	11.71%
United Arab Emirates	3.6730	Sep / 2024	0.00%	0.00%
United Kingdom	0.7565	Sep / 2024	-3.89%	-6.34%
Uruguay	41.0493	Sep / 2024	4.73%	7.77%
Uzbekistan	12722.6283	Sep / 2024	0.72%	4.51%
Vanuatu	109.4335	Jun / 2018	-0.00%	-0.63%
Vietnam	24642.1344	Sep / 2024	-3.16%	1.70%
Yemen	1400.0000	Sep / 2024	0.00%	12.99%
Zambia	26.3568	Sep / 2024	1.48%	27.23%

What factors determine the exchange rates

The exchange rate is the price of one currency expressed in units of another currency. We say that a currency is appreciating/depreciating relative to another currency if it takes more/less units of the other currency to purchase it.

The exchange rate appreciates when the demand for the currency increases, i.e. when more people want to buy it and depreciates when the supply increases, i.e. when more people want to sell it. Look at it from the U.S. perspective. Foreigners want to buy dollars when they:

1. Invest in the U.S.
2. Buy goods and services from the U.S.

At the same time U.S. citizens sell dollars when they:

1. Invest overseas.
2. Buy foreign goods and services.

Holding all else constant, if foreign investment in the U.S. increases, this will create more demand for dollars, and the dollar will appreciate. Similarly, when the U.S. increases its international purchases and investments, that creates additional supply of dollars and the dollar will depreciate.

Several examples

U.S. interest rates increase. That leads to greater foreign investment into the U.S., greater demand for dollars, and dollar appreciation.

New tariffs on U.S. exports to Europe. Now foreigners buy fewer U.S. goods, the demand for dollars declines, and the dollar depreciates.

The U.S. economy is growing rapidly. On one hand, that attracts foreign investment and causes dollar appreciation. On the other hand, U.S. imports increase since Americans can buy more international goods and services and cause dollar depreciation. We are not sure which effect would be stronger but usually a growing economy is associated with an appreciating currency.

Expected appreciation of the dollar. If for some reason investors believe that the dollar will appreciate in one year, they will want to buy it now. This creates additional demand for dollars and leads to appreciation now.

If you wonder what the effect of some macroeconomic variable on the exchange rate is, ask yourself how, holding everything else constant, that variable affects the demand or the supply of the currency. Based on that, you can determine if the change is likely to lead to appreciation or depreciation.

Forecasting currency values: short, medium, and long run

Of course, in reality there are multiple macroeconomic changes occurring at the same time. Interest rates may be changing in various countries, GDP growth rates differ, trade flows shift, etc. The combination of all these factors makes it virtually impossible to predict the exchange rate at short horizons (days, weeks). Too many fundamentals are moving in different directions at the same time. Therefore, economists say that the exchange rate follows a “random walk”, i.e. the best forecast of tomorrow’s exchange rate is today’s exchange rate. The likelihood of appreciation and depreciation are the same.

At medium-term time horizons (months, a few years) the effect of particular macroeconomic fundamentals on the exchange rate becomes more visible. For example, if the economy is growing rapidly its currency is likely to appreciate as the country attracts international capital that creates demand for the local money.

In contrast, in the long-run (many years, decades) macroeconomic fundamentals cease to have a role. Over such long periods of time, the economic growth rates, interest rates, as well as international trade and investment flows have stabilized at some “average” levels. Then, the only determinant of the exchange rate is the rate of money supply growth. Countries that print money more rapidly than the rest of the world will experience currency depreciation. In fact, the size of the depreciation would be equal to the increase of the money supply. Recall that the exchange rate is the price of a currency. If you create too much of it the price will come down.

Additional resources

Information about the European Monetary Union with a lot of historic information, analyses and data. Available from: European Central Bank

The International Monetary Fund, a wealth of information about all member countries and about international financial markets. Available from: IMF.