Pakistan: Financial openness
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series
| Pakistan |
Financial openness index |
|---|---|
| Latest value | -1.242 |
| Year | 2021 |
| Measure | index points |
| Data availability | 1970 - 2021 |
| Average | -1.282 |
| Min - Max | -1.931 - -1.242 |
| Source | Chinn-Ito Index |
The latest value from 2021 is -1.242 index points, unchanged from -1.242 index points in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 0.322 index points, based on data from 176 countries. Historically, the average for Pakistan from 1970 to 2021 is -1.282 index points. The minimum value, -1.931 index points, was reached in 1970 while the maximum of -1.242 index points was recorded in 1972.
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Definition: The Chinn-Ito index measures a country's degree of capital account openness and was introduced in Chinn and Ito (Journal of Development Economics, 2006). It is based on variables that codify the restrictions on cross-border financial transactions in the IMF's Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions. Higher values mean greater financial openness.
Selected articles from our guide:
What factors determine the exchange rates
International lending and sovereign debt
All articles
| Related indicators | Latest | Reference | Measure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Terms of trade | 107.60 | 2021 | percent |
| Trade openness | 28.10 | 2023 | percent |
| Financial openness | -1.242 | 2021 | index points |
| Exports, percent of GDP | 10.39 | 2023 | percent |
| Exports, billion dollars | 35.15 | 2023 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Growth of exports | 2.42 | 2023 | percent |
| Imports, percent of GDP | 17.72 | 2023 | percent |
| Imports, billion dollars | 59.94 | 2023 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Foreign Direct Investment, percent of GDP | 0.38 | 2022 | percent |
| Foreign Direct Investment, billion dollars | 1.42 | 2022 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Portfolio investment inflows, equities | 69.00 | 2023 | million dollars (current) |
| Current account, percent of GDP | -0.70 | 2023 | percent |
| Current account, in dollars | -0.35 | 2023 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Trade balance, percent of GDP | -11.96 | 2022 | percent |
| Trade balance, in dollars | -21.36 | 2023 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Reserves | 13.73 | 2023 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Remittances, percent of GDP | 7.85 | 2023 | percent |
| Remittances | 26,558.00 | 2023 | million U.S. dollars |
| Net errors and omissions | -1,344.96 | 2023 | million USD |
| External debt | 34.36 | 2022 | percent |
| Short-term external debt | 6.91 | 2022 | percent |
| Short-term debt to reserves | 88.33 | 2022 | percent |
| Foreign exchange reserves | 12.47 | 9/2023 | billion |