Macao Economic Indicators
Main indicators
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
4.70
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2002 - Q3/2024
The percent change in the Gross Domestic Product from the same quarter last year using constant prices.
percent
0.33
Oct/2024
monthly
10/2023 - 10/2024
Percent change in the CPI from the same month last year.
percent
1.70
Sep/2024
monthly
9/1996 - 9/2024
The unemployment rate represents the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
GDP and economic growth
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
80.53
2023
annual
1983 - 2023
Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
billion USD
40.8
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2015 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
billion USD
47.06
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
USD
66835.06
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
USD
102020
2023
annual
1990 - 2023
GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2011 international dollars.
USD
57931.70
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars.
percent
4.70
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2002 - Q3/2024
The percent change in the Gross Domestic Product from the same quarter last year using constant prices.
billion
MOP
100.91
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2001 - Q3/2024
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the sum of the gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. The data are in billion local currency units using current prices.
Business cycle indicators
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
25.60
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2001 - Q3/2024
The indicator shows the percent change in the index of industrial production from the same month last year. Industrial production includes mining and quarrying, manufacturing, and electricity production.
index points
109.89
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2008 - Q3/2024
The retail sales index is an aggregated measure of the sales of retail goods over a stated period. Because retail sales are a measure of consumer demand for finished goods, they are a leading macroeconomic indicator of the pulse of an economy and its projected path toward expansion or contraction. The retail sales index measures only the volume changes, i.e. price level changes are excluded.
percent
-19.11
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2009 - Q3/2024
The retail sales Y-on-Y is an aggregated measure of the sales of retail goods over a stated period. Because retail sales are a measure of consumer demand for finished goods, they are a leading macroeconomic indicator of the pulse of an economy and its projected path toward expansion or contraction.
Retail sales Y-on-Y is calculated as the percent change in the Retail sales index from the same month the previous year.
The Retail sales Y-on-Y measures only volume changes, i.e. price level changes are excluded.
Consumption and investment
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
13.96
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.
billion USD
6.57
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
28.99
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources.
billion USD
13.64
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
billion
MOP
29.13
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2001 - Q3/2024
The market value of all goods and services, including durable products, purchased by households.
percent
28.87
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2001 - Q3/2024
Household Consumption as percent of GDP
percent
3.25
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2002 - Q3/2024
The percent change in Household Consumption from the same quarter last year.
percent
3.25
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2002 - Q3/2024
The percent change in Household Consumption from the same quarter last year.
billion
MOP
15.66
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2001 - Q3/2024
Gross fixed capital formation including land improvements; plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings.
percent
15.52
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2001 - Q3/2024
Gross fixed capital formation including land improvements; plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings as percent of GDP
percent
14.19
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2002 - Q3/2024
The percent change in investment (Physical Capital Accumulation) from the same quarter last year.
Money
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
1.0
2022
annual
1989 - 2022
Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
index points
2
2022
annual
2021 - 2022
The data are from the IMF Annual Reports on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions. A higher value of the index indicates more exchange rate flexibility: 1 = the country has no independent legal tender; 2 = currency board; 3 = conventional peg; 4 = target zone; 5 = crawling peg; 6 = other managed exchange rate regimes; 7 = floating regime. The IMF categorization does not include currency unions. Instead, it assigns to the member country the regime of the union it is a part of. For example, all EMU members are assigned a floating exchange rate regime. The data begin with the latest change of the IMF categorization in 2008.
Local Currency Units per USD
8.0136
Nov/2024
monthly
9/2004 - 11/2024
The amount of local currency units that can be exchanged for one USD. An increase (decrease) means USD appreciation (depreciation). The values are monthly averages of the daily exchange rates provided by Google Finance.
billion
MOP
776.27
Sep/2024
monthly
6/1984 - 9/2024
The money supply is the total amount of currency and other liquid instruments circulating in the economy. The indicator represents the broad money that include currency outside banks; demand, time, saving, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government; bank and traveler's checks; and other securities such as certificates of deposit and commercial paper.
index points
100.7678
Oct/2024
monthly
10/2022 - 10/2024
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the cost of a basket of goods and services consumed by the average urban household.
percent
-0.10
Oct/2024
monthly
11/2022 - 10/2024
The percentage change in the CPI from one month to the next.
percent
0.33
Oct/2024
monthly
10/2023 - 10/2024
Percent change in the CPI from the same month last year.
billion
MOP
451.25
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q2/1984 - Q3/2024
Private sector credit refers to the credit extended by commercial banks and other deposit-taking institutions (excluding central banks) to private non-financial firms and households. Included are all credit institutions: domestic and foreign owned as well as private and public ones.
billion
MOP
126.11
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q2/1984 - Q3/2024
Business credit includes credit extended by commercial banks and other deposit-taking institutions (excluding central banks) to private non-financial firms. Included are all credit institutions: domestic and foreign owned as well as private and public ones.
billion
MOP
325.14
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q2/1984 - Q3/2024
Household credit includes credit extended by commercial banks and other deposit-taking institutions (excluding central banks) to households. Included are all credit institutions: domestic and foreign owned as well as private and public ones.
billion
MOP
192.37
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q2/1984 - Q3/2024
Loans provided by commercial banks for the purchase of non-commercial real estate. In billion local currency units.
billion
MOP
132.76
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q2/1984 - Q3/2024
Loans provided by commercial banks to households and individuals for the purchase of goods and services, excluding real estate. In billion local currency units.
Labor market
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
million people
0.41
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers. Not everyone who works is included, however. Unpaid workers, family workers, and students are often omitted, and some countries do not count members of the armed forces. Labor force size tends to vary during the year as seasonal workers enter and leave.
percent
2.25
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
percent
1.97
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
percent
6.97
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.
percent
67.93
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
percent
50.29
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
percent
63.23
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
percent
73.45
2023
annual
1991 - 2023
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
percent
6.56
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs." i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include four sub-categories of employers, own-account workers, members of producers' cooperatives, and contributing family workers.
million employed people
0.38
Sep/2024
monthly
9/1996 - 9/2024
The number of people, in millions, engaged in the economy as paid employees or as self-employed.
percent
1.70
Sep/2024
monthly
9/1996 - 9/2024
The unemployment rate represents the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
International trade and investment
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
92.16
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Net barter terms of trade index is calculated as the percentage ratio of the export unit value indexes to the import unit value indexes, measured relative to the base year 2015.
percent
142.00
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Exports plus imports as percent of GDP.
percent
92.68
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.
billion USD
43.62
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
92.86
2023
annual
1983 - 2023
Annual growth rate of exports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.
percent
49.32
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.
billion USD
23.21
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
4.94
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.
billion USD
2.93
2022
annual
1971 - 2022
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
million dollars (current)
-1.92
2022
annual
2002 - 2022
Portfolio equity includes net inflows from equity securities other than those recorded as direct investment and including shares, stocks, depository receipts (American or global), and direct purchases of shares in local stock markets by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
36.03
2023
annual
2002 - 2023
Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income.
billion USD
2.78
2022
annual
2002 - 2022
Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
43.36
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
External balance on goods and services (formerly resource balance) equals exports of goods and services minus imports of goods and services (previously nonfactor services).
billion USD
-0.81
2022
annual
2002 - 2022
Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
billion USD
27.77
2023
annual
1984 - 2023
Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
0.19
2023
annual
2002 - 2023
Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees.
million USD
90.00
2023
annual
2002 - 2023
Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
million USD
-4545.98
2022
annual
2002 - 2022
Net errors and omissions constitute a residual category needed to ensure that accounts in the balance of payments statement sum to zero. Net errors and omissions are derived as the balance on the financial account minus the balances on the current and capital accounts. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
billion
MOP
230.58
Sep/2024
monthly
2/2012 - 9/2024
Foreign exchange reserves consist of foreign currency, deposits denominated in foreign
currency, Monetary Gold, Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) and Reserve position in the
International Monetary Fund (IMF). Foreign exchange reserves are held by monetary authorities
to finance trade imbalances, check the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations and address
other issues under the purview of the central bank.
Government
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
13.68
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.
billion USD
6.44
2023
annual
1982 - 2023
General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
2.06
2023
annual
2010 - 2023
The fiscal (budget) balance is the difference between government revenue and government expenditure. We express the value as percent of GDP to relate it to the size of the economy.
billion
MOP
11.45
Q3/2024
quarterly
Q1/2001 - Q3/2024
Total spending by all levels of government but excluding public enterprises.
Sovereign credit rating
AA
Apr/2024
quarterly
11/1997 - 4/2024
S&P includes long-term ratings from the highest AAA to the lowest D rating. Moody’s includes long-term ratings from the highest Aaa to the lowest C. Fitch includes long-term ratings from the highest AAA to the lowest D rating. Scope includes long-term foreign-currency ratings from the highest AAA to the lowest D rating.
For all four international credit rating agencies, ratings are divided into two main groups based on the level of credit risk: investment grade for lower levels of credit risk and speculative grade for higher levels of credit risk. For S&P, Fitch and Scope, investment grade issues/issuers are those rated from BBB- and above, while those from BB+ and below are categorized as speculative grade. Moody’s denotes as investment grade issues/issuers as those rated from Baa3 and above, while ratings from Ba1 and below fall into the category of speculative grade.
All four agencies include modifiers into their generic alphabet-based ratings for particular ranges. Ratings from S&P, Fitch and Scope are modified with “+” or “-” from the range AA to CCC. Moody’s appends numerical modifiers from 1 to 3 to the generic rating classifications from Aa to Caa. 1 indicates standing in the higher end of the generic category, while 3 indicates ranking in the lower end. All modifiers denote relative status within major ratings categories.
Rating Outlooks indicate the direction the rating is likely to move over a one- to two-year period. In determining an outlook, consideration is given to any changes in fundamental business conditions. Credit Watch focuses on identifiable events that cause ratings to be placed under special surveillance.
Rating Outlooks/Watches for the four agencies are the following:
- Positive means that a rating may be raised
- Negative means that a rating may be lowered
- Stable means a rating is not likely to change
- When the fundamental trend has strong, conflicting elements of both positive and negative, the Outlook/Watch can be denoted as Developing (for Scope, a Stable Outlook would be assigned in this case).
Credit Watches do not include a Stable Watch because they are only event driven and denote higher probability of change in the rating. Credit Outlooks and Watches are mutually exclusive.
For all four international credit rating agencies, ratings are divided into two main groups based on the level of credit risk: investment grade for lower levels of credit risk and speculative grade for higher levels of credit risk. For S&P, Fitch and Scope, investment grade issues/issuers are those rated from BBB- and above, while those from BB+ and below are categorized as speculative grade. Moody’s denotes as investment grade issues/issuers as those rated from Baa3 and above, while ratings from Ba1 and below fall into the category of speculative grade.
All four agencies include modifiers into their generic alphabet-based ratings for particular ranges. Ratings from S&P, Fitch and Scope are modified with “+” or “-” from the range AA to CCC. Moody’s appends numerical modifiers from 1 to 3 to the generic rating classifications from Aa to Caa. 1 indicates standing in the higher end of the generic category, while 3 indicates ranking in the lower end. All modifiers denote relative status within major ratings categories.
Rating Outlooks indicate the direction the rating is likely to move over a one- to two-year period. In determining an outlook, consideration is given to any changes in fundamental business conditions. Credit Watch focuses on identifiable events that cause ratings to be placed under special surveillance.
Rating Outlooks/Watches for the four agencies are the following:
- Positive means that a rating may be raised
- Negative means that a rating may be lowered
- Stable means a rating is not likely to change
- When the fundamental trend has strong, conflicting elements of both positive and negative, the Outlook/Watch can be denoted as Developing (for Scope, a Stable Outlook would be assigned in this case).
Credit Watches do not include a Stable Watch because they are only event driven and denote higher probability of change in the rating. Credit Outlooks and Watches are mutually exclusive.
percent
17.07
2022
annual
1996 - 2022
Tax revenue refers to compulsory transfers to the central government for public purposes. Certain compulsory transfers such as fines, penalties, and most social security contributions are excluded. Refunds and corrections of erroneously collected tax revenue are treated as negative revenue.
percent
55.55
2022
annual
1996 - 2022
Taxes on goods and services include general sales and turnover or value added taxes, selective excises on goods, selective taxes on services, taxes on the use of goods or property, taxes on extraction and production of minerals, and profits of fiscal monopolies.
percent
24.93
2022
annual
1996 - 2022
Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.
million USD
0.12
2004
annual
1960 - 2004
Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Forecast from the IMF
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
3.04
2028
annual
2002 - 2028
Year-on-year percent changes in constant price GDP. The base year is country-specific. Expenditure-based GDP is the total final expenditure at purchasers prices including the f.o.b. value of exports of goods and services, less the f.o.b. value of imports of goods and services. The series includes actual historical values for past years and forecast values for the current and the next few years.
percent
13.34
2028
annual
2001 - 2028
Expressed as a ratio of total investment in current local currency and GDP in current local currency. Investment or gross capital formation is measured by the total value of the gross fixed capital formation and changes in inventories and acquisitions less disposals of valuables for a unit or sector. The series includes actual historical values for past years and forecast values for the current and the next few years.
percent
2.21
2028
annual
2002 - 2028
Year-on-year percentage changes in end-of-period consumer prices. The series includes actual historical values for past years and forecast values for the current and the next few years.
percent
1.65
2028
annual
2001 - 2028
The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labor force (the total number of people employed plus unemployed). The series includes actual historical values for past years and forecast values for the current and the next few years.
percent
31.75
2028
annual
2002 - 2028
The current account is all transactions other than those in financial and capital items. The major classifications are goods and services, income and current transfers. The series includes actual historical values for past years and forecast values for the current and the next few years.
Governance and business environment
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
points
0.78
2023
annual
1996 - 2023
The index for Rule of Law captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence.
points
1.09
2023
annual
1996 - 2023
The index of Government Effectiveness captures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to such policies.
points
0.85
2023
annual
1996 - 2023
The index for Control of Corruption captures perceptions of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand forms of corruption, as well as capture of the state by elites and private interests.
points
1.79
2023
annual
1996 - 2023
The index of Regulatory Quality captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development.
points
-0.51
2023
annual
1996 - 2023
The index for Voice and Accountability captures perceptions of the extent to which the citizens are able to participate in selecting their government, as well as freedom of expression, freedom of association, and a free media.
points
1.07
2023
annual
1996 - 2023
The index of Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism measures perceptions of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized or overthrown by unconstitutional or violent means, including politically-motivated violence and terrorism. The index is an average of several other indexes from the Economist Intelligence Unit, the World Economic Forum, and the Political Risk Services, among others.
Infrastructure and transport characteristics
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
89.79
2022
annual
1990 - 2022
Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.
thousand subscribers
209
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.
percent
30.00
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.
million subscribers
1.21
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.
subscribers per 100 people
174.52
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.
million passengers
0.70
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Air passengers carried include both domestic and international aircraft passengers of air carriers registered in the country.
Energy and environment
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
11.00
2022
annual
1990 - 2022
Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.
percent
0.00
2021
annual
1982 - 2021
Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.
percent
0.00
2021
annual
1982 - 2021
Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at regional prices and total costs of production.
percent
0.00
2021
annual
1982 - 2021
Natural gas rents are the difference between the value of natural gas production at regional prices and total costs of production.
percent
100.00
2022
annual
1990 - 2022
Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.
Industry: Oil, coal, and electricity
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
billion barrels
0.00
2021
annual
1980 - 2021
Proved reserves of crude oil are the estimated quantities of all liquids defined as crude oil, which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.
thousand Barrels Per Day
0.00
2023
annual
2004 - 2023
Oil production, thousand barrels per day
thousand barrels per day
11.00
2014
annual
1980 - 2014
Oil consumption (Total petroleum consumption) includes internal consumption, refinery fuel and loss, and bunkering. Also included, where available, is direct combustion of crude oil.
thousand barrels per day
1.82
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Annual consumption of distillate fuel oils which consist of two main categories: diesel fuel and heating oil.
thousand barrels per day
0.00
2014
annual
1986 - 2014
Gasoline production includes production of: conventional gasoline; all types of oxygenated gasoline, including gasohol; and reformulated gasoline; but excludes production of aviation gasoline. Volumetric data on blending components, such as oxygenates, are not counted in data on finished motor gasoline until the blending components are blended into the gasoline.
thousand barrels per day
1.85
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Gasoline consumption includes the consumption of: conventional gasoline; all types of oxygenated gasoline, including gasohol; and reformulated gasoline; but excludes the consumption of aviation gasoline. Volumetric data on blending components, such as oxygenates, are not counted in the data on finished motor gasoline until the blending components are blended into the gasoline.
thousand barrels per day
0.00
2014
annual
1986 - 2014
Liquefied petroleum gases include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, isobutane, and isobutylene. The Liquefied Petroleum Gases production also includes, where data are available, liquefied petroleum gases sold directly from natural gas processing plants for fuel or chemical uses and pentanes plus.
thousand barrels per day
1.13
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Liquefied petroleum gases include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, isobutane, and isobutylene. The Liquefied Petroleum Gases consumption also includes, where data are available, liquefied petroleum gases sold directly from natural gas processing plants for fuel or chemical uses and pentanes plus.
thousand barrels per day
0.00
2014
annual
1986 - 2014
The indicator estimates the volume of jet fuel produced within a country expressed in thousand barrels per day. Jet fuel is a refined petroleum product used in jet aircraft engines and it includes kerosene-type jet fuel and naphtha-type jet fuel.
thousand barrels per day
4.20
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
The indicator estimates the volume of jet fuel consumed within a country expressed in thousand barrels per day. Jet fuel is a refined petroleum product used in jet aircraft engines and it includes kerosene-type jet fuel and naphtha-type jet fuel.
million short tons
0.00
2022
annual
2008 - 2022
Proven reserves of coal in million short tons. A short ton equals exactly 2,000 pounds or 907.18 kilograms.
thousand short tons
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Total primary coal production (Coal includes anthracite, subanthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, brown coal, and oil shale.)
thousand short tons
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Coal consumption includes anthracite, subanthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, brown coal, and oil shale. It also includes net imports of metallurgical coke.
thousand short tons
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Amount of foreign coal shipped to the country.
thousand short tons
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Amount of coal shipped to foreign destinations.
million kilowatts
0.44
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Total Electricity Installed Capacity (Million Kilowatts)
billion kilowatthours
0.49
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Total electricity net generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units)
billion kilowatthours
5.58
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Total Electricity Net Consumption = total net electricity generation + electricity imports - electricity exports – electricity transmission and distribution losses.
Net consumption excludes the energy consumed by the generating units.
billion kilowatthours
5.24
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Annual import of electricity in billion kWh.
billion kilowatthours
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Annual export of electricity in billion kWh.
million kilowatts
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Total capacity to produce electricity from renewable resources in million kilowatts.
billion kilowatthours
0.20
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Total Renewables Electricity Net Generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units and also excludes generation from hydroelectric pumped storage)
Energy mix
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
million kilowatts
0.44
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Installed capacity to produce electricity from fossil fuels including oil, coal, and natural gas.
billion kilowatthours
0.29
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Billion kilowatthours of electricity generated from fossil fuels including oil, coal, and natural gas.
million kilowatts
0.00
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Installed capacity to produce electricity from wind in million kilowatts.
billion kilowatthours
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Billion kilowatthours of electricity generated from wind.
million kilowatts
0.00
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Installed capacity to produce electricity from sunlight in million kilowatts.
billion kilowatthours
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Billion kilowatthours of electricity generated from sunlight.
million kilowatts
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Installed capacity to produce hydroelectricity in million kilowatts.
billion kilowatthours
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Hydroelectric generation excludes generation from hydroelectric pumped storage.
million kilowatts
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Installed capacity to produce hydroelectricity in million kilowatts.
billion kilowatthours
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Nuclear electricity net generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units)
million kilowatts
0.00
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Installed capacity to produce geothermal electricity in million kilowatts.
billion kilowatthours
0.00
2022
annual
1980 - 2022
Billion kilowatthours of geothermal electricity generated.
Agriculture sector
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
0.51
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).
index points
103.2
2022
annual
1961 - 2022
Crop production index shows agricultural production for each year relative to the base period 2014-2016. It includes all crops except fodder crops. Regional and income group aggregates for the FAO's production indexes are calculated from the underlying values in international dollars, normalized to the base period 2014-2016.
index points
81.3
2022
annual
1961 - 2022
Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value.
index points
73.4
2022
annual
1961 - 2022
Livestock production index includes meat and milk from all sources, dairy products such as cheese, and eggs, honey, raw silk, wool, and hides and skins.
Banking system access and depth
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
ATMs per 100,000 adults
316.31
2021
annual
2004 - 2021
Number of ATMs per 100,000 adults. Automated teller machines are computerized telecommunications devices that provide clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public place.
bank branches
39.49
2021
annual
2004 - 2021
Number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults.
percent
119.40
2019
annual
1984 - 2019
Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.
percent
142.20
2023
annual
1984 - 2023
Domestic credit to private sector by banks refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by other depository corporations (deposit taking corporations except central banks), such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.
percent
286.92
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
Ratio of liquid liabilities to GDP. Liquid liabilities are also known as broad money, or M3. They are the sum of currency and deposits in the central bank (M0), plus transferable deposits and electronic currency (M1), plus time and savings deposits, foreign currency transferable deposits, certificates of deposit, and securities repurchase agreements (M2), plus travelers checks, foreign currency time deposits, commercial paper, and shares of mutual funds or market funds held by residents.
percent
241.52
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
Total assets held by deposit money banks as a share of GDP. Assets include claims on domestic real nonfinancial sector which includes central, state and local governments, nonfinancial public enterprises and private sector. Deposit money banks comprise commercial banks and other financial institutions that accept transferable deposits, such as demand deposits.
percent
278.88
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
Demand, time and saving deposits in deposit money banks and other financial institutions as a share of GDP.
percent
0.00
1998
annual
1986 - 1998
Bank credit is the amount of credit available to the government sector. It consists of the total amount of combined funds that are provided to the government by the bank sector.
percent
76.48
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Raw data are from Bankscope. (Sum(data2025) for three largest banks in Bankscope) / (Sum(data2025) for all banks in Bankscope). Only reported if number of banks in Bankscope is 3 or more. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
Banking system efficiency and stability
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
interest rate points
5.05
2020
annual
1986 - 2020
Difference between the lending rate and the deposit rate. The lending rate is the rate charged by banks on loans to the private sector and the deposit interest rate is the rate offered by commercial banks on three-month deposits.
percent
29.65
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Operating expenses of a bank as a share of the sum of net-interest revenue and other operating income. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
1.50
2022
annual
2010 - 2022
Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans are the value of nonperforming loans divided by the total value of the loan portfolio (including nonperforming loans before the deduction of specific loan-loss provisions). The loan amount recorded as nonperforming should be the gross value of the loan as recorded on the balance sheet, not just the amount that is overdue.
percent
0.81
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Operating expenses of a bank as a share of the value of all assets held. Total assets include total earning assets, cash and due from banks, foreclosed real estate, fixed assets, goodwill, other intangibles, current tax assets, deferred tax assets, discontinued operations and other assets. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
1.30
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Accounting value of bank's net interest revenue as a share of its average interest-bearing (total earning) assets. The numerator and denominator are aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
85.41
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
The financial resources provided to the private sector by domestic money banks as a share of total deposits. Domestic money banks comprise commercial banks and other financial institutions that accept transferable deposits, such as demand deposits. Total deposits include demand, time and saving deposits in deposit money banks.
percent
14.55
2020
annual
2010 - 2020
The capital adequacy of deposit takers. It is a ratio of total regulatory capital to its assets held, weighted according to the risk of those assets.
percent
0.78
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Commercial banks’ pre-tax income to yearly averaged total assets. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
16.88
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Commercial banks’ pre-tax income to yearly averaged equity. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
index points
20.26
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
The index captures the probability of default of a country's banking system. Z-score compares the buffer of a country's banking system (capitalization and returns) with the volatility of those returns. It is estimated as (ROA+(equity/assets))/sd(ROA); sd(ROA) is the standard deviation of ROA. ROA, equity, and assets are country-level aggregate figures. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
45.15
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
The ratio of the value of liquid assets (easily converted to cash) to short-term funding plus total deposits. Liquid assets include cash and due from banks, trading securities and at fair value through income, loans and advances to banks, reverse repos and cash collaterals. Deposits and short term funding includes total customer deposits (current, savings and term) and short term borrowing (money market instruments, CDs and other deposits).
percent
4.49
2020
annual
2010 - 2020
Ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries' banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets. Reported by IMF staff. Note that due to differences in national accounting, taxation, and supervisory regimes, these data are not strictly comparable across countries.
percent
27.39
2021
annual
2000 - 2021
Bank’s income that has been generated by noninterest related activities as a percentage of total income (net-interest income plus noninterest income). Noninterest related income includes net gains on trading and derivatives, net gains on other securities, net fees and commissions and other operating income. The number is only calculated when net-interest income is not negative. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
6.01
2023
annual
1986 - 2023
Lending rate is the bank rate that usually meets the short- and medium-term financing needs of the private sector. This rate is normally differentiated according to creditworthiness of borrowers and objectives of financing. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.
percent
-0.49
2023
annual
1986 - 2023
Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.
Stock market, insurance, pensions
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
13.51
2020
annual
1996 - 2020
Ratio of life insurance premium volume to GDP. Premium volume is the insurer's direct premiums earned (if Property/Casualty) or received (if Life/Health) during the previous calendar year. Premium data are taken from various issues of Sigma reports (Swiss Re). Data on GDP in US dollars is from the electronic version of the World Development Indicators.
percent
1.27
2020
annual
1996 - 2020
Ratio of non-life insurance premium volume to GDP. Premium volume is the insurer's direct premiums earned (if Property/Casualty) or received (if Life/Health) during the previous calendar year. Premium data are taken from various issues of Sigma reports (Swiss Re). Data on GDP in US dollars is from the electronic version of the World Development Indicators.
percent
19.06
2020
annual
2019 - 2020
Ratio of assets of pension funds to GDP. A pension fund is any plan, fund, or scheme that provides retirement income. Data taken from a variety of sources such as OECD, AIOS, FIAP and national sources.
Financial development
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
index points
0.485
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
An index for overall financial development based on the two subindexes for financial institutions development and financial markets development. See the indicator menu and Svirydzenka, Katsiaryna (IMF, 2016) for more detail.
index points
0.857
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
An index for overall financial institutions development based on the three subindexes for depth, access, and efficiency from the indictors menu. See Svirydzenka, Katsiaryna (IMF, 2016) for more detail.
index points
0.577
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
Measures the development of financial institutions in terms of depth. Constructed as a principal component of the following variables: Private-sector credit to GDP; Pension fund assets to GDP; Mutual fund assets to GDP; and Insurance premiums, life and non-life, to GDP. See Svirydzenka, Katsiaryna (IMF, 2016) for more detail.
index points
0.965
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
Measures access to financial services as a principal component of the following two variables: Bank branches per 100,000 adults and ATMs per 100,000 adults. See Svirydzenka, Katsiaryna (IMF, 2016) for more detail.
index points
0.708
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
Measures the efficiency of financial institutions. Constructed using the Principal Component methodology using the following variables: Net interest margin, Lending-deposits spread, Non-interest income to total income, Overhead costs to total assets, Return on assets, and Return on equity. See Svirydzenka, Katsiaryna (IMF, 2016) for more detail.
index points
0.094
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
An index for overall financial markets development based on the three subindexes for depth, access, and efficiency listed on the indictors menu. See Svirydzenka, Katsiaryna (IMF, 2016) for more detail.
index points
0.297
2021
annual
1984 - 2021
Measures access to the financial markets using principal components methodology with these variables: Percent of market capitalization outside of top 10 largest companies and Total number of issuers of debt (domestic and external, nonfinancial and financial corporations). See Svirydzenka, Katsiaryna (IMF, 2016) for more detail.
Innovation measures
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
0.49
2022
annual
2001 - 2022
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
percent
18.95
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).
million USD
0.00
2022
annual
2007 - 2022
High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
0.00
2022
annual
2007 - 2022
High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery.
patent applications
2
2021
annual
2005 - 2021
Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.
Economic freedom indexes
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
points
40
2022
annual
2009 - 2022
The property rights index measures the degree to which a country’s laws protect private property rights and the degree to which its government enforces those laws. It also assesses the likelihood that private property will be expropriated and analyzes the independence of the judiciary, the existence of corruption within the judiciary, and the ability of individuals and businesses to enforce contracts. Higher index values denote more certain legal protection of property.
points
34
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The score for the Freedom of corruption index is derived primarily from Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index. For countries that are not covered in the CPI the freedom from corruption score is determined by using information from internationally recognized and reliable sources. Higher index values denote lower level of corruption.
points
75
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The Fiscal freedom index measures the tax burden imposed by government. It is composed of three quantitative factors: the top marginal tax rate on individual income, the top marginal tax rate on corporate income, and the total tax burden as a percentage of GDP.
points
60
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The Business freedom index is based on 10 indicators, using data from the World Bank’s Doing Business study: Starting a business-procedures (number), time (days), cost (% of income per capita), and minimum capital (% of income per capita); Obtaining a license—procedures (number), time (days), and cost (% of income per capita); Closing a business—time (years), cost (% of estate), and recovery rate (cents on the dollar).
points
50
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The Labor freedom index is composed of six quantitative factors: ratio of minimum wage to the average value added per worker, hindrance to hiring additional workers, rigidity of hours, difficulty of firing redundant employees, legally mandated notice period, and mandatory severance pay. The index is based on data collected in connection with the World Bank’s Doing Business study.
points
70.00
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The score for the Monetary freedom index is based on two factors: the weighted average inflation rate for the most recent three years and price controls. Higher index values denote price stability without microeconomic intervention.
points
90
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The Trade freedom index is based on two indicators: the trade-weighted average tariff rate and non-tariff barriers (including quantity, price, regulatory, customs and investment restrictions, and direct government intervention).
points
85
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The Investment freedom index evaluates a variety of investment restrictions (burdensome bureaucracy, restrictions on land ownership, expropriation of investments without fair compensation, foreign exchange controls, capital control, security problems, a lack of basic investment infrastructure, etc.). Points are deducted from the ideal score of 100 for each of the restrictions found in a country’s investment regime.
points
70
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The Financial freedom index evaluates: the extent of government regulation of financial services, the degree of state intervention in banks and other financial firms through direct and indirect ownership, the extent of financial and capital market development, government influence on the allocation of credit and openness to foreign competition. Higher index values denote banking efficiency and independence from government control and interference in the financial sector.
index points
70
2020
annual
2009 - 2020
The Overall index of economic freedom has ten components grouped into four broad categories: Rule of Law; Limited Government; Regulatory Efficiency and Open Markets. The overall economic freedom is scored on a scale of 0 to 100, where 100 represents the maximum freedom.
Demographics
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
million
0.70
2023
annual
1960 - 2023
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
percent
100.00
2023
annual
1960 - 2023
Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.
people per square km
20806
2021
annual
1961 - 2021
Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.
percent
13.66
2023
annual
1960 - 2023
Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
percent
15.00
2023
annual
1960 - 2023
Total population below the age of 14 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
percent
53.15
2023
annual
1960 - 2023
Female population is the percentage of the population that is female. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
percent
0.00
2023
annual
1960 - 2023
Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
percent
40.18
2023
annual
1960 - 2023
Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.
refugees
6
2009
annual
1964 - 2009
Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted.
percent
58
2015
annual
1990 - 2015
International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.
percent
1.28
2023
annual
1961 - 2023
Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
Health spending and outcomes
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
years
85.38
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
years
87.98
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
years
82.75
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
births per 1000 people
10.04
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
deaths per 1000 people
4.26
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
births per woman
1.11
2022
annual
1960 - 2022
Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.
cases per 100,000 people
49.00
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new and relapse tuberculosis cases arising in a given year, expressed as the rate per 100,000 population. All forms of TB are included, including cases in people living with HIV. Estimates for all years are recalculated as new information becomes available and techniques are refined, so they may differ from those published previously.
percent
7.80
2021
annual
2011 - 2021
Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is calculated by adjusting to a standard population age-structure.
percent
8.00
2021
annual
2001 - 2021
Prevalence of undernourishments is the percentage of the population whose habitual food consumption is insufficient to provide the dietary energy levels that are required to maintain a normal active and healthy life. Data showing as 2.5 may signify a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
percent
100.0
2022
annual
2000 - 2022
Access to an improved water source, urban, refers to the percentage of the urban population using an improved drinking water source. The improved drinking water source includes piped water on premises (piped household water connection located inside the users' dwelling, plot or yard), and other improved drinking water sources (public taps or standpipes, tube wells or boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs, and rainwater collection).
Covid pandemic
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
new Covid cases
1
Jan/2021
monthly
2/2020 - 1/2021
The number of new confirmed COVID cases per month.
new Covid cases per million people
1
Jan/2021
monthly
2/2020 - 1/2021
New confirmed Covid cases per million people during a month.
total Covid cases
47
Jan/2021
monthly
2/2020 - 1/2021
The total number of Covid cases at the end of month.
cases per million
68
Jan/2021
monthly
2/2020 - 1/2021
Total Covid cases per million people at the end of month.
new Covid vaccinations
35843
Sep/2022
monthly
2/2021 - 9/2022
The number of new Covid vaccinations per month.
total Covid vaccinations
1800896
Mar/2023
monthly
2/2021 - 3/2023
Total vaccinations for Covid at the end of month.
Covid vaccinations per hundred people
259.05
Mar/2023
monthly
2/2021 - 3/2023
Total Covid vaccinations per hundred people.
total people vaccinated
679525
Mar/2023
monthly
4/2021 - 3/2023
Total people vaccinated against Covid at the end of month.
Covid vaccinated people per hundred people
97.75
Mar/2023
monthly
4/2021 - 3/2023
Total people vaccinated against Covid per hundred people.
total fully-vaccinated people
641910
Mar/2023
monthly
4/2021 - 3/2023
Total fully-vaccinated people against Covid.
Covid fully vaccinated people per hundred people
92.34
Mar/2023
monthly
4/2021 - 3/2023
Covid fully vaccinated people per hundred people.
index
38
Dec/2022
monthly
2/2020 - 12/2022
The index varies between 0 and 100 that records the strictness of government policies regarding Covid-19 pandemic. (0 - lowest strictness, 100 - highest strictness).
Education spending and outcomes
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
5.25
2021
annual
1998 - 2021
General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.
percent
13.80
2022
annual
1996 - 2022
General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on all sectors (including health, education, social services, etc.). It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.
percent
97.11
2021
annual
1981 - 2021
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
percent
99.96
2021
annual
1981 - 2021
Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
percent
99.62
2021
annual
1981 - 2021
Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
percent
99.79
2021
annual
1981 - 2021
Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
students per teacher
13.50
2018
annual
1971 - 2018
Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary school.
percent
83.97
2022
annual
1990 - 2022
Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.
years
6
2022
annual
1970 - 2022
Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
percent
0.98
2021
annual
1971 - 2021
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
percent
1.00
2021
annual
1971 - 2021
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
percent
1.08
2023
annual
1989 - 2023
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education is the ratio of women to men enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
percent
86.40
2021
annual
1971 - 2021
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to programs at the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment and to provide a bridge between home and school.
percent
86.42
2023
annual
1971 - 2023
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
percent
92.58
2023
annual
1971 - 2023
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
percent
114.72
2022
annual
1988 - 2022
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.
percent
99.13
2022
annual
1999 - 2022
Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.
index points
551.923
2022
annual
2003 - 2022
Measure of the 15-year-old school pupils' scholastic performance on mathematics from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) run by the OECD.
index points
510.405
2022
annual
2003 - 2022
Measure of the 15-year-old school pupils' scholastic performance on reading from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) run by the OECD.
index points
543.096
2022
annual
2006 - 2022
Measure of the 15-year-old school pupils' scholastic performance on science from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) run by the OECD.
Globalization indexes
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
points
56.00
2021
annual
1970 - 2021
The overall index of globalization covers the economic, social, and political dimensions of globalization. Higher values denote greater globalization. More information and the original data can be obtained here.
points
75.00
2021
annual
1970 - 2021
Economic globalization has two dimensions: actual economic flows and restrictions to trade and capital. The sub-index on actual economic flows includes data on trade, FDI, and portfolio investment. The sub-index on restrictions takes into account hidden import barriers, mean tariff rates, taxes on international trade (as a share of current revenue), and an index of capital controls. More information and the original data can be obtained here.
points
13.00
2021
annual
1970 - 2021
The degree of political globalization is determined by the number of embassies and high commissions in a country, the number of international organizations to which the country is a member, the number of UN peace missions a country participated in, and the number of treaties signed between two or more states. More information and the original data can be obtained here.
points
88.00
2021
annual
1970 - 2021
Social globalization has three dimensions: personal contacts, information flows, and cultural proximity. The sub-index on personal contacts includes international telecom traffic, degree of tourism, transfers, foreign population, and number of international letters. The sub-index on information flows includes number of internet users, share of households with a television set, and trade in newspapers. The sub-index on cultural proximity includes trade in books and number of McDonald’s restaurants and Ikea located in a country. More information and the original data can be obtained here.
Shares of world totals
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
0.01
2021
annual
1960 - 2021
The population share of a particular country is measured as its population as percent of the total world population in a given year. Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates.
percent
0.03
2021
annual
1982 - 2021
We calculated the world GDP as the sum of the GDP of all countries expressed in current USD. The share of GDP is the GDP of a particular country as percent of the world GDP. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
percent
0.10
2021
annual
1990 - 2021
The share of world exports equals the exports of a particular country as percent of the total exports of all countries around the world. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
0.09
2021
annual
1990 - 2021
The share of world exports equals the exports of a particular country as percent of the total exports of all countries around the world. Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
0.25
2021
annual
1993 - 2021
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
0.00
2021
annual
1980 - 2021
The share of world oil reserves is calculated as the proven oil reserves of a country as percent of the total proven oil reserves for the world.
Economic structure
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
percent
9.45
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC divisions 05-43 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 10-33). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
percent
0.96
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
percent
90.12
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3 or 4.
billion USD
2.31
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
billion USD
0.23
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
billion USD
22.05
2022
annual
1991 - 2022
Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3 or 4. Data are in constant 2010 U.S. dollars.
percent
36.89
2022
annual
2002 - 2022
Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers.
billion USD
9.03
2022
annual
2002 - 2022
Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Tourism
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
thousand tourists
5897
2020
annual
1995 - 2020
International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.
million USD
9442
2020
annual
1995 - 2020
International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
37.26
2020
annual
1995 - 2020
Receipts from inbound international tourism as percent of GDP.
percent
0.97
2020
annual
1995 - 2020
Percent of total world tourist arrivals that occurred in a given country in a given year.
thousand tourists
125
2020
annual
2005 - 2020
International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited. The data on outbound tourists refer to the number of departures, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips from a country during a given period is counted each time as a new departure.
Crime statistics
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
kidnappings per 100,000 people
0.0
2017
annual
2008 - 2017
Number of kidnappings per 100,000 people per year.
robberies per 100,000 people
17
2017
annual
2008 - 2017
Number of robberies per 100,000 people per year.
prisoners per 100,000 people
206
2017
annual
2005 - 2017
Number of prisoners per 100,000 people.
thefts per 100,000 people
480
2016
annual
2008 - 2016
Number of thefts incidents per 100,000 people per year.
homicides per 100,000 people
0.3
2017
annual
1991 - 2017
Number of homicides per 100,000 people per year.
Fragile state index
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
index points
79.50
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Fragile States Index measures the vulnerability in pre-conflict, active conflict and post-conflict situations. The index comprises twelve conflict risk indicators that are used to measure the condition of a state at any given moment: security apparatus, factionalized elites, group grievance, economic decline, uneven economic development, human flight and brain drain, state legitimacy, public services, human rights and rule of law, demographic pressures, refugees and IDPs, and external intervention. The higher the value of the index, the more "fragile" the country is.
index points
6.30
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Security apparatus indicator considers the security threats to a state, such as bombings, attacks and battle-related deaths, rebel movements, mutinies, coups, or terrorism. The Security аpparatus also takes into account serious criminal factors, such as organized crime and homicides, and perceived trust of citizens in domestic security. The higher the value of the indicator, the more the threats in the state.
index points
7.80
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Factionalized elites indicator considers the fragmentation of state institutions along ethnic, class, clan, racial or religious lines, as well as and brinksmanship and gridlock between ruling elites. The higher the value, the more fragmented are the institutions in the country.
index points
3.30
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Group Grievance Indicator focuses on divisions and schisms between different groups in society – particularly divisions based on social or political characteristics – and their role in access to services or resources, and inclusion in the political process. The higher the value of the indicator, the higher the division of the societal groups in the country.
index points
7.30
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Economic decline indicator considers factors related to economic decline within a country. For example, the indicator looks at patterns of progressive economic decline of the society as a whole as measured by per capita income, Gross National Product, unemployment rates, inflation, productivity, debt, poverty levels, or business failures. It also takes into account sudden drops in commodity prices, trade revenue, or foreign investment, and any collapse or devaluation of the national currency. The higher the value of the indicator, the greater the economic decline in the country.
index points
9.00
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Uneven economic development indicator considers inequality within the economy, irrespective of the actual performance of an economy. The higher the value of the index, the higher the inequality in the country's economy.
index points
6.10
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Human flight and brain drain indicator considers the economic impact of human displacement (for economic or political reasons) and the consequences this may have on a country’s development. The higher the index, the greater the human displacement.
index points
6.30
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The State legitimacy indicator considers the representativeness and openness of government and its relationship with its citizenry. The indicator looks at the population’s level of confidence in state institutions and processes, and assesses the effects where that confidence is absent, manifested through mass public demonstrations, sustained civil disobedience, or the rise of armed insurgencies. The higher the value of the index, the lower the country's legitimacy.
index points
8.70
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Public services indicator refers to the presence of basic state functions that serve the people. This may include the provision of essential services, such as health, education, water and sanitation, transport infrastructure, electricity and power, and internet and connectivity. On the other hand, it may include the state’s ability to protect its citizens, such as from terrorism and violence, through perceived effective policing. The higher the value of the indicator, the worse the public services in the country.
index points
5.80
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Human rights and rule of law indicator considers the relationship between the state and its population insofar as fundamental human rights are protected and freedoms are observed and respected. The higher the indicator's value, the less protected are the human rights and the rule of law in the country.
index points
9.20
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Demographic pressures indicator considers pressures upon the state deriving from the population itself or the environment around it. For example, the indicator measures population pressures related to food supply, access to safe water, and other life-sustaining resources, or health, such as the prevalence of disease and epidemics. The higher the indicator's value, the higher the demographic pressures in the country.
index points
4.10
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The Refugees and internally displaced persons indicator measures the pressure upon states caused by the forced displacement of large communities as a result of social, political, environmental or other causes, measuring displacement within countries, as well as refugee flows into others. The higher the value of the indicator, the higher the refugee flow in the country.
index points
5.60
2021
annual
2021 - 2021
The External Intervention Indicator considers the influence and impact of external actors in the functioning – particularly security and economic – of a state. The higher the indicator's value, the greater the external interventions in the country.
Other indicators
Measure
Frequency
Latest value
Reference
Time coverage
sq. km
33
2021
annual
1961 - 2021
Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.