Kazakhstan: Financial openness
* indicates monthly or quarterly data series
| Kazakhstan |
Financial openness index |
|---|---|
| Latest value | -0.996 |
| Year | 2022 |
| Measure | index points |
| Data availability | 1996 - 2022 |
| Average | -1.211 |
| Min - Max | -1.248 - -0.996 |
| Source | Chinn-Ito Index |
The latest value from 2022 is -0.996 index points, unchanged from -0.996 index points in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 0.307 index points, based on data from 174 countries. Historically, the average for Kazakhstan from 1996 to 2022 is -1.211 index points. The minimum value, -1.248 index points, was reached in 1996 while the maximum of -0.996 index points was recorded in 2019.
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Definition: The Chinn-Ito index measures a country's degree of capital account openness and was introduced in Chinn and Ito (Journal of Development Economics, 2006). It is based on variables that codify the restrictions on cross-border financial transactions in the IMF's Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions. Higher values mean greater financial openness.
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| Related indicators | Latest | Reference | Measure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Terms of trade | 124.60 | 2023 | percent |
| Trade openness | 61.96 | 2023 | percent |
| Financial openness | -0.996 | 2022 | index points |
| Exports, percent of GDP | 31.59 | 2024 | percent |
| Exports, billion dollars | 90.36 | 2023 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Growth of exports | 1.90 | 2023 | percent |
| Imports, percent of GDP | 25.57 | 2024 | percent |
| Imports, billion dollars | 71.88 | 2023 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Foreign Direct Investment, percent of GDP | 0.68 | 2024 | percent |
| Foreign Direct Investment, billion dollars | -0.68 | 2024 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Portfolio investment inflows, equities | -161.30 | 2024 | million dollars (current) |
| Current account, percent of GDP | -2.72 | 2024 | percent |
| Current account, in dollars | -4.98 | 2024 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Trade balance, percent of GDP | 6.01 | 2024 | percent |
| Trade balance, in dollars | 16.38 | 2024 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Reserves | 45.81 | 2024 | billion U.S. dollars |
| Remittances, percent of GDP | 0.17 | 2023 | percent |
| Remittances | 240.39 | 2024 | million U.S. dollars |
| Net errors and omissions | 3,233.56 | 2024 | million USD |
| External debt | 56.36 | 2024 | percent |
| Short-term external debt | 11.82 | 2024 | percent |
| Short-term debt to reserves | 42.40 | 2024 | percent |
| External debt in foreign currencies | 82.74 | 2024 | percent |